This paper evaluates the environmental effectiveness and distributional consequences of Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) in Massachusetts. We find that PAYT reduces municipal solid waste disposal by approximately 31 percent while increasing recycling by about 13 percent. Responses differ by income: lower-income municipalities respond primarily through reducing trash disposal, while higher-income municipalities rely more on recycling. Household scanner data provide complementary evidence: lower-income households exhibit larger declines in packaged-goods expenditure following PAYT adoption. These findings demonstrate that waste pricing can substantially reduce disposal while generating heterogeneous adjustment margins across income groups, with important implications for the distributional effects of environmental waste pricing policies.